我国域外数据执法管辖面临的困境与因应-《集美大学学报》（哲社版）

文章信息/Info

Title:: The Challenges Facing China’s Extraterritorial Data Enforcement Jurisdiction and Their Solutions

Author(s):: CHEN Junxiu; WANG Weihang; LI Zhi; Law School,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China

Keywords:: extraterritorial data enforcement; data sovereignty; data jurisdiction; cross-border data evidences collection

摘要:: 基于争夺数据资源和维护本国数据资源安全之目的，各国不断强化域外法权、扩张域外数据执法管辖，形成“美国模式”与“欧盟模式”2种典型路径。现阶段我国域外数据执法管辖呈现出一定的局限性，主要表现为域外数据执法依据不足、管辖范围有限、域外数据管辖执法难度大等。因应上述困境，一方面有必要完善反长臂管辖法律体系，加强阻断立法限制他国数据管辖范围的不当扩张，规制数据控制者行为以强化我国数据管辖，完善反制措施的法律依据；另一方面需要健全域外数据执法管辖法律体系，通过立法手段强化执法依据，对我国域外数据管辖范围予以体系解释和扩大解释，完善域外数据调取与取证等执法措施。

Abstract:: In the pursuit of securing data resources and safeguarding national data security,countries worldwide are increasingly expanding their extraterritorial jurisdiction and enhancing their enforcement mechanisms.This has given rise to two typical approaches:the US Model and the EU Model.At present,China’s extraterritorial data enforcement jurisdiction faces certain limitations,primarily reflected in an insufficient legal foundation for extraterritorial data enforcement,a restricted scope of jurisdiction,and significant difficulties in the enforcement of extraterritorial data jurisdiction.To overcome these challenges,it is necessary,on one hand,to improve the legal framework against long-arm jurisdiction,strengthen blocking legislation to curb the undue expansion of foreign data jurisdiction,regulate the conduct of data controllers to reinforce China’s data jurisdiction,and establish a solid legal basis for countermeasures.On the other hand,it is essential to develop a robust legal system for extraterritorial data enforcement jurisdiction,enhance the legal foundation for enforcement through legislative measures,provide systematic and expansive interpretations of China’s extraterritorial data jurisdiction,and enhance enforcement mechanisms including cross-border data retrieval and evidence collection.