斯坦福德·比尔论信息社会与人的自由发展-《集美大学学报》（哲社版）

文章信息/Info

Title:: Stafford Beer on Information Society and Human Being’s Free Development

Author(s):: ZHANG You; School of Marxism,Chengdu University,Chengdu 610106,China

摘要:: 斯坦福德·比尔是技术社会主义传统中的重要思想家，他以准形而上学的方式思考人如何可能在信息网络组成的宇宙中自由发展的问题。在信息化的“技术社会主义”语境中，他提出了生存性系统模型，试图以之为基础建构能够保证人的全面而自由发展的信息社会主义社会。生存性系统模型是一个去中心的、由5个子系统组成的结构，拥有递归嵌套和封闭性的特性。它不仅有处理复杂信息的实用性，也符合人的自然本性。比尔认为自然宇宙可以还原为一个由生存性系统层层嵌套的结构，而人类社会应该模仿自然而设计其基本组织架构。人就是一个典型的生存性系统，人的最高现实性就是它的自足性的实现，即幸福的实现。人工智能和网络技术充分发展的未来社会，必定是人和智能机器体系共生的系统，它将保证人的最高现实性的实现与世界潜能的发挥的辩证统一。

Abstract:: Stanford Bill is one of the few thinkers in the techno-socialist line who combines classical ideas and thinks in a quasi-metaphysical way about how humans can develop in the universe composed of information networks.In the context of information-based “techno-socialism”,he designed a viable system model,attempting to build an information network society that can ensure people’s comprehensive and free development based on it.The viable system model is a decentralized structure composed of five subsections,featuring recursive nesting and closure.It possesses not only the practical utility in managing intricate information but also aligns with the innate tendencies of human nature.Bill believes that the natural universe can be reduced to a nested structure of viable systems,and human society should imitate nature to design corresponding social organization structures.Man is a typical viable system,and his highest reality is the realization of self-sufficiency,namely the realization of happiness.In the future,a society with fully developed artificial intelligence and network technology will inevitably be a symbiotic system of humans and intelligent machines.This system is a dialectical unity of the realization of man’s highest reality and the exertion of the potential of the world.