结合型与桥接型社区社会资本的共构——一项基于易地扶贫搬迁安置社区社会工作介入的行动研究-《集美大学学报》（哲社版）

文章信息/Info

Title:: The Co-construction of Bonding and Bridging Community Social Capital: An Action Study Based on Social Work Intervention in Communities Relocated to Alleviate

Author(s):: MA Ye1; WANG Ying2; 1. Department of Public Administration，Beijing City University, Beijing 100094, China；2. School of Public Police and Management, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China

Keywords:: poverty alleviation relocation; community social capital; action research

摘要:: 立足贵州省易地扶贫搬迁安置点新设街道社会工作和志愿服务站项目，通过与H县H街道社会工作和志愿服务站工作团队的共同行动，探索如何基于理论工具、采用何种实践模式发展搬迁群众的社区社会资本。研究表明，社会工作介入可藉由社会心理恢复、邻里关系建设发展结合型社区社会资本，以社区参与引导、社区能动性活化发展桥接型社区社会资本。社区社会资本的发展是结合型与桥接型社区社会资本循序渐进、双向互动的增长历程，也是信任关系、关系网络和社区共识3个因素彼此作用、相互依存的累积历程。随着重建搬迁群众彼此的信任关系、重构在社区中的关系网络、重塑互惠共享的社区共识，发展其社区社会资本，形成“人社配适”的新社区共同体，最终在搬迁群众生活品质的提升中使他们逐步融入安置社区，并且在整体社区福祉的增进中使得新环境更适合他们生活，真正实现“从搬得出到稳得住”的易地扶贫搬迁安置后续工作目标。

Abstract:: Based on the project of establishing street social work and volunteer service stations in the poverty alleviation relocation areas of Guizhou Province, this action research aims to examine how to develop social capitals among relocated communities based on theoretical tools and practice models through joint action with the work team of H Street social work and volunteer service station in H County. The research shows that social work interventions can help develop bridging community social capital via psychological recovery and neighborhood construction, and can help develop bonding community social capital via community participation guidance and community activation. The development of community social capital is a gradual and two-way interactive growth process of bonding and bridging community social capitals, and an accumulation of three interdependent and interacting factors as well: trust, relationship network and community consensus. As the relocated people establish trust with each other, reconstruct relationship network in the community, reshape the community consensus of reciprocal sharing, develop their community social capital, and form a new community, they will gradually integrate into the resettlement community by improving their quality of life. The new environment becomes more suitable as the overall community welfare is improved, and thus the goal of transitioning from moving out to stable living is realized.