德国企业参与职业教育的五大动力机制-《集美大学学报（教育科学版）》

文章信息/Info

Title:: Five Motivation Mechanisms for German Enterprises to Participate in Vocational Education

作者:: 姚静1; 2; 赖水随3; (1. 福建省教育科学研究所，福建福州 350003；2.福建技术师范学院闽台职业教育研究中心，福建福清 350300；3.福建商贸学校，福建福州 350007）

Author(s):: YAO Jing1; 2; LAI Shui-sui3; (1. Fujian Institute of Education Research，Fuzhou 350003，China；2.Min & Tai Vocational Education Research Center，Fuqing 350300，China;3.Fujian Business School，Fuzhou 350007，China)

Keywords:: Germany; enterprises; “dual system” vocational education; dynamic system

摘要:: 职业教育的本质属性决定了其人才培养离不开企业的参与，发挥企业重要办学主体作用有赖于政策支持和长效机制。德国企业积极、高效参与“双元制”职业教育，得益于五大动力机制，即多元驱动，企业参与职业教育的保障机制；社会自治，校企利益均衡的协调沟通机制；双轨结构，自成体系的企业师傅培养机制；职业导向，企业参与课程开发的实现机制；考教分离，充分考虑企业需求的第三方评价机制。

Abstract:: The essential nature of vocational education determines that its personnel training cannot be separated from the participation of enterprises，and giving full play to the important role of enterprises in running schools depends on policy support and longterm mechanism.German enterprises actively and efficiently participate in the “dual system” vocational education，benefiting from five driving mechanisms:diversification drive ——the guarantee mechanism of enterprise participation to vocational education；social autonomy ——coordination and communication mechanism of schoolenterprise interest balance；doubletrack structure ——the independent mechanism enterprise master training；vocation orientation ——implementation mechanism of enterprise participation to curriculum development；examination teaching separation ——the third party evaluation mechanism to fully consider the needs of enterprises.