教育惩戒权适用的双重边界探析-《集美大学学报（教育科学版）》

文章信息/Info

Keywords:: educational punishment; protection of minors; state power of education; the principle of the best interests of children

摘要:: “中小学教育惩戒规则（试行）”的正式公布，为教育惩戒提供了专门的法律依据。但是，由于法律位阶较低且兜底条款较多，教育惩戒权在实施过程中仍然存在诸多困境。未成年人是教育惩戒权的主要适用对象，因此，可以从“未成年人保护法”的角度寻求解决出路。该法的最新修订进一步肯定了国家教育权和儿童利益最大原则，成为教育惩戒权的实施基底。研究认为从限权和赋权两个角度可以明确教育惩戒权适用的双重边界：基本要求是目的正当并且遵循谦抑性；限权边界一般规定有尊重学生人格尊严、谨慎适用开除；赋权边界主要体现在校园霸凌和网络沉迷这两种情况，并厘清了适用惩戒的具体条件。

Abstract:: The formal promulgation of “Rules of Educational Punishment in Primary and Secondary Schools (Trial)” provides a special legal basis for educational punishment.However,there are still many difficulties in the implementation of the right of educational punishment due to the low legal rank and too many fallback provisions.Minors are the main applicable objects of educational punishment right.Therefore,we can seek a solution from the perspective of “Law on the Protection of Minors”.The latest revision of the law further affirms the state power of education and the principle of the best interests of children,and becomes the basis and boundary of the implementation of the right of education punishment.On this basis,from the perspective of power limitation and empowerment,it clarifies the dual boundary of the application of educational punishment：the basic requirements are legitimate purpose and modesty;the boundaries of power restriction include respecting students’ personal dignity and applying expulsion cautiously;the boundaries of power restriction are mainly reflected in campus bullying and internet addiction,and the specific conditions of applying punishment are clarified.