类属关系偏正式双音词的特点及成因——以《齐民要术》为例-《集美大学学报》（哲社版）

文章信息/Info

Title:: On Features and Causes of the Double -syllabled Words in the Modifier -Head Form Indicating Genus and Category——Taking Qi Min Yao Shu as Example

Author(s):: LI Xiao -ping; (College of Chinese Language and Literature, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414006, China)

Keywords:: genus-category relation; modifier-head form; double-syllabled word; Qi Min Yao Shu

摘要:: 二语素为类属关系的双音词是偏正式双音词中的一种特殊类型。这类双音词和一般偏正式双音词不同，表意上存在羡余成分，语义上多为前正后偏式，形式上绝大多数是“属＋类”式，词性上都是“名＋名→名”式。《齐民要术》中这类以动植物为主的双音词，上古一般都以单音专名相称，后来逐渐构成类属关系的双音词。其主要原因是专名单称不能清晰、明确、准确地传递信息，同时有的专名词义后来逐渐扩大，产生了许多不同的意义，另外魏晋南北朝汉语词汇双音词化也起到了催生的作用。

Abstract:: The double-syllabled words indicating genus and category are a special type of double-syllabled words of the modifier -head form. They are different from the general type, in that they are redundant in meaning; always take the form of head+modifier indicating genus and category respectively; are mostly noun+noun nouns in part of speech. There are many doublesyllabled words of this type about animals and plants in Qi Min Yao Shu. They gradually evolved from proper nouns of monosyllabic words in the ancient Chinese language. The major causes of this grammatical phenomenon are: the proper nouns of monosyllabic words can not convey clear, definitive, and accurate information; the broadening of the word meaning occurs in some proper nouns; Disyllabic Evolution of the Chinese language in the Wei-Jin, Northern and Southern Dynasties exerted some effects.