外援限制政策对俄超联赛竞争力的影响及启示-《体育科学研究》

文章信息/Info

Title:: The Influence and Enlightenment of Foreign Player Limit Policy of Russian Premier League

作者:: 徐涛1; 2; 张子华2; 雷丽2; (1.吉首大学体育科学学院,湖南湘西 416000 ;2.铜仁学院大健康学院,贵州铜仁 554300 )

Author(s):: XU Tao1; 2; ZHANG Zi-hua2; LEI Li2; （1.Physical Education Institute of Jishou University，Jishou 416000，China；2.School of Sports and Health Science of Tongren University，Tongren 554300，China；3.School of Physical Education of Yangtze University，Jingzhou 434000，China）

摘要:: 笔者运用文献资料法、数据统计法、访谈法等研究方法和竞争平衡理论研究外援限制政策对俄超联赛竞争力的影响，为中超联赛的外援政策调控提供参考，研究选择俄超联赛的两个阶段（第一阶段：2001—2005年无外援限制政策阶段；第二阶段：2006—2015年实施外援限制政策阶段），对其内部、外部竞争力变化方面进行了研究和对比。研究发现：（1）在内部竞争方面，在实施外援政策后，俄超联赛（1.32，3.43）的竞争平衡（C5ICB）指数增长幅度和波动幅度相对英超联赛（5.95,4.76）和德甲联赛（6.77,4.46）都较小；（2）在外部竞争方面，俄超联赛球队进入欧冠淘汰赛的比例由40 %下降至18.2 %。结论表明：俄超联赛外援限制政策维持了联赛内部较好的竞争，同时也遏制了联赛对外的竞争力。启示：（1）我国联赛内部的竞争状态可以通过外援限制政策进行调整；（2）宽松的外援政策有利于我国职业联赛俱乐部对外竞争力的提升。

Abstract:: Using the methods of documentation，statistics，interviews and other research methods and the theory of competition balance，this paper studies the influence of the foreign player limit policy of Russian Premier League on the competitiveness and provides reference for the regulation of foreign player limit policy of Chinese League.It studies and chooses two stages of Russian Premier League (The first stage：2001—2005，no foreign player limit Policy stage；The second stage：2006—2015，for the implementation of foreign player limit Policy stage).Internal competition and external competition are studied and compared.The study finds that：1) in the aspect of internal competition，C5ICB index growth and stability ，the Russian Premier League (1.32,3.43) relative to foreign limit policy more open Premier League (5.95,4.76) and the Bundesliga (6.77,4.46) were smaller.2) In terms of external competition，the percentage of Russian Premier League teams entering the Champions League knockout competition dropped from 40% to 18.2%.Conclusion：The foreign player limit policy maintained a better competition mechanism within the league，but also reduced the league’s external competitiveness.Enlightenment：1) Competition in Chinese league matches can be adjusted through foreign limit policy；2) Loose foreign player limit policy is conducive to the promotion of competitiveness of Chinese League clubs.