英格兰足球青训球员人力资本积累的国际经验与启示-《体育科学研究》

文章信息/Info

Title:: International Lessons and Inspiration for the Accumulation of Human Capital in English Football Youth Players

Author(s):: ZHENG Zhiqiang; WANG Hao; (Physical Education Institution of Jimei University， Xiamen 361021， China)

Keywords:: football youth training; England youth training; human capital theory; players’ human capital

摘要:: 英超联赛被视为世界上最具影响力的职业足球赛事之一，其成功与完善的足球青训体系密切相关。在我国职业足球发展面临挑战的背景下，如何有效借鉴英格兰青少年球员培养的先进经验，对我国青训体系建设和发展具有重要参考价值。基于人力资本理论，结合职业足球运动员高风险、高投入、培养周期长及从业年限短等特点，研究提出青训球员的培养实质是对其教育、技术与知识、健康以及迁移与流动等多维度人力资本的积累过程。运用文献资料法和访谈法，从人力资本视角对英格兰与我国青训球员的人力资本积累进行系统比较与分析，并得出以下启示：（1）重视学校与家庭教育，妥善处理学训矛盾；（2）科学安排训练与比赛，持续提升技能水平；（3）关注球员身心健康，有效延长运动生涯；（4）优化青训选拔体系，完善球员转会机制。

Abstract:: The English Premier League,becoming one of the most influential professional football matches in the world,is closely related to its good football youth training system.Under the background of sluggish professional football in China,it is of great reference to draw on the experience of England for the training of youth players and the development of professional football.With the help of human capital theory and according to the characteristics of high risk of professional football players,high investment,long training cycle and short working life,it is believed that the training of youth players is the accumulation of human capital such as education,technology and knowledge,health,migration and flow.From the perspective of literature data and interview methods,summarize and compare the enlightenment of China:(1) pay attention to school and family education and correctly handle the contradictions of learning and training reasonably;(2) arrange the training competition and steadily improve the skill level;(3) pay attention to the physical and mental health of players and extend the sports life of players;(4) improve the youth training selection system and improve the player transfer system.