«上一篇/Previous Article|本期目录/Table of Contents|下一篇/Next Article»

《体育科学研究》[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:

期数:

2026年1期

页码:

25-34

栏目:

学校体育视点

出版日期:

2026-01-31

文章信息/Info

Title:

Current Situation,Problems,and Countermeasures of the Motor Skills Structured Teaching in Primary and Secondary Schools from the Perspective of Practice

作者:

马莲1; 唐炎2

(1.上海理工大学体育部，上海 200093；2.上海体育大学体育教育学院，上海 200438）

Author(s):

MA Lian1; TANG Yan2

（1.Department of Physical Education,University of Shanghai for Science and Technology,Shanghai 200093,China;2.School of Physical Education,Shanghai University of Sport,Shanghai 200438,China）

关键词:

运动技能; 结构化; 结构化学练; 结构化教学

Keywords:

motor skills; structured; structured practice; structured teaching

分类号:

-

DOI:

-

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

体育结构化教学是新时代高质量发展背景下提出的新型教学理念。学是教的出发点和落脚点，运动技能是体育教学的核心内容，从学练的视角分析运动技能教学中结构化的存在形式及其应用问题，有助于为体育结构化教学的深入开展提供实证依据与理论支撑。采用课堂观察法，对51所中小学133节体育课中的188个运动技能学练活动样本进行观察与统计。结果显示，结构化学练已在中小学体育教学中得到应用，其中形态类结构化学练占比46.8%，以有情境组合动作学练为主；过程性结构化学练占比35.9%，而递进性过程学练的应用则相对不足。研究揭示出以下四个突出问题：学练内容零散，缺乏关联性；学练时间不足，形式单一；对运动技能的整体性认识不足；学练活动在过程设计上考虑不周。基于上述问题，提出四点改进策略：（1）采用大单元教学，合理配置学练内容与时间；（2）基于动作结构与情境结构，提升对运动技能的整体认知；（3）避免单一化学练形式，每节课应安排多样化的学练活动；（4）聚焦运动技能学练的过程，强化递进式学练设计。

Abstract:

Structured teaching of physical education is a new teaching concept under the requirements of high-quality development in the new era.Learning is the starting point and foothold of teaching;motor skills are the key content of physical education.The analysis of structured forms and application problems from the perspective of practice can provide practical data and theoretical support for the in-depth application of structured teaching.Through the classroom observation method,we observed 188 skill practice activities in 133 physical education classes in 51 primary and secondary schools.The results found that structured practice has been applied in physical education.The proportion of the form application of structured practice is 46.8%,mainly the form is the combined action practice in context;the process applications is 35.9%,and the application of progressive process practice was insufficient.There are four prominent problems:scattered content and lack of relevance,short time and single practice form,insufficient understanding of motor skills,and poor consideration of the process of practice activities.Based on the above problems,the following four strategies are proposed:（1) Adopt large unit teaching to reasonably match the practice content and time.（2) Based on the structure of action and context,improve the holistic understanding of motor skills.（3) Avoid a single practice form;emphasize the combination of practice forms in a single class.（4) Focus on the practice process of motor skills,highlighting progressive practice.

参考文献/References:

相似文献/References:

[1]巩庆波,刘英辉,于爱军.对构建高校体育“结构化”课程评价体系的思考[J].体育科学研究,2015,19(01):71.
　GONG Qing-bo,LIU Ying-hui,YU Ai-jun.Use of Appraise to Promote Practice and Construction of“Structured” Sports Course Evaluation System in College[J].sports science research,2015,19(1):71.
[2]姜勇,王梓乔,张军.“水平五”健美操运动技能学习评价指标体系构建[J].体育科学研究,2019,23(5):30.
　JIANG Yong,WANG Zi-qiao,ZHANG Jun.Construction of Learning Evaluation Index System of “Level Five” Aerobics Motor Skill[J].sports science research,2019,23(1):30.
[3]姜勇,季雪梅,韩明珠,等.中学生田径运动技能学习评价指标体系构建[J].体育科学研究,2019,23(6):37.
　JIANG Yong,JI Xue-mei,HAN Ming-zhu,et al.Construction of Evaluation Index System of Track and Field Skill Learning in Middle School Students[J].sports science research,2019,23(1):37.
[4]黎吉权,张勇,覃立.运动技能理解性教学的现实意义、目标维度与实施路径[J].体育科学研究,2025,(2):26.
　LI Jiquan,ZHANG Yong,QIN Li.On the Practical Significance,Goal Dimensions,and Implementation Paths of the Comprehension-Based Teaching of Motor Skills[J].sports science research,2025,(1):26.

备注/Memo

备注/Memo:

常用功能

更新日期/Last Update: 2026-03-05