“他者规训”还是“自我规训”：对健身行为的重新解读-《体育科学研究》

文章信息/Info

Title:: “Other Discipline” or “Self Discipline”：A Reinterpretation of Fitness Behavior

Author(s):: SHEN Jin-hao; （School of Social and Public Management，East China University of Science and Technology，Shanghai 200237，China）

摘要:: 以往的社会学研究通常将健身看作是受审美主义或消费主义的影响，对身体不断规训的过程。通过在健身房的参与式观察和半结构式访谈，深入考察了健身者的个人动机和主观体验，发现健身者之所以选择健身，至少还与自我的三个方面有关，即身体感知、个人经历与运动爱好。因此，不能简单地认为健身是被外界因素强制的“他者规训”，也有可能是受行动者内心的某种驱动而自愿采取的、积极主动的“自我规训”。学界不应一味地对健身作简单的、廉价的批判，而应当正视并肯定健身的实用价值。

Abstract:: Previous sociological studies have generally regarded fitness as a process of constant physical discipline influenced by aestheticism or consumerism.Through the participatory observation and semistructured interviews in the gym，the author has looked in depth at personal motivation and subjective experience of body builders，and found that the reasons why body builders choose fitness are body perception，personal experience and sports hobbies which are related to themselves.Therefore，we can not simply assume that fitness is an “other discipline” forced by external factors.It may be a voluntary and active “self discipline” driven by some inner motivation of actors.Academia should not criticize fitness simply and blindly，but should face up to and affirm the practical value of fitness.