闽江口鱼类群落营养结构的探究-《集美大学学报（自然科学版）》

文章信息/Info

作者:: 沈忱1; 2; 李军1; 2; 康斌3; (1.集美大学水产学院,福建厦门 361021;2.福建省海洋渔业资源与生态环境重点实验室,福建厦门 361021;3.中国海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛 266003)

Author(s):: SHEN Chen1; 2; LI Jun1; 2; KANG Bin3; (1.Fisheries College,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China;2.Fujian Province Key Laboratory of Marine Fisheries Resources and Ecological Environment,Xiamen 361021,China;3.Fisheries College,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266003)

Keywords:: fish community; nutritional structure; stable isotope technique; Minjiang River Estuary

摘要:: 2015年（1、5、8、11月）对闽江口海域进行4次底拖网渔业资源调查，鱼类共计128种，隶属于15目50科，应用稳定同位素技术对其中105种鱼类测定δ（13C）、δ（15N）值，并分析其鱼类营养结构。结果表明：闽江口鱼类的δ（13C）值，1月为-20.29~-14.57，5月为-24.57~-18.65，8月为-22.18~-18.17，11月为-21.83~-16.92，存在明显的季节变化；闽江口鱼类δ（13C）值频数分布说明该海域鱼类的营养来源相似；闽江口鱼类δ（15N）值范围为8.46~14.12，计算得出营养级范围为2.0~3.6，营养级最低鱼类为髭虎鱼，营养级最高鱼类为黑棘鲷。根据主要鱼类的营养级分布，建立闽江口鱼类连续营养谱，初步阐明该海域鱼类营养能量流动的途径。δ（13C）-δ（15N）聚类分析结果表明，闽江口海域鱼类群落主要有4个营养类群存在，即浮游食性、杂食性、偏肉食杂食性、底栖食性。

Abstract:: Based on the seasonal bottom trawl surveys in the Minjiang River Estuary in 2015（Jan,May,Aug. and Nov.),a total of 128 species of fishes belong to 50 families and 15 orders were collected during this study.Then,the stable isotope was used to measure the δ（13C） and δ（15N） value in 105 species of fishes,while the trophic spectrum and the trophic structure was established.The result showed the δ（13C） value ranged from -20.29 to -14.57 in Jan.;the δ（13C） value ranged from -24.57 to -18.65 in May;the δ（13C） value ranged from -2218 to -18.17 in Aug.,the δ（13C） value ranged from -2183 to -16.92 in Nov.,and the δ（13C） value had seasonal changed.The frequency distribution of δ（13C） values showed the nutrient resources of fish food were analogous.The δ（15N） value range from 846 to 14.12;the trophic level range from 2.0 to 3.6 calculated by δ（15N） value（Tridentiger barbatus & Acanthopagrus schlegeli),the trophic spectrum was established.The δ（13C）-δ（15N） cluster analysis showed 4 trophic groups in the Minjiang River Estuary：the planktonic affinity feeding group,the mix feeding group,the carnivorous affinity mix feeding group and the benthic affinity feeding group.