厦语片的兴衰与厦门海港地位变迁-《集美大学学报》（哲社版）

文章信息/Info

Title:: The Change of the Status of Xiamen Harbor and the Rise and Fall of Xiamen Dialect Movies

Author(s):: GUAN Xue-lian; (College of Chinese Language and Literature, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China)

Keywords:: Xiamen dialect movie; Minnan dialect movie in Taiwan; Xiamen Harbor; dialect movie

摘要:: 厦语片是指以闽南语中的厦门腔发声的一种方言电影，其存在轨迹大概可以分为20世纪三四十年代的沪产时期、50年代的港产高峰时期以及60年代被台湾闽南语片取代的终结时期。厦语片以“厦语”命名，但其既不在厦门生产，也基本不在厦门放映，它对“厦门”的依附完全是在符号的层面上。方言电影的地方话语选择，往往起源于它的地方主义构想，而地方主义构想的产生往往是以该地的地理崛起为基础，厦语片的兴衰与厦门是闽南地区海外移民的主要出发港以及它在东亚海岸线中重要的政治经济地位相关。因为从福建南部出发、说闽南语的华人华侨，不管其真实的祖籍地在哪里，无疑都会对“厦门”这个出发港有着共同的集体记忆，这个集体记忆的符号可以帮助他们整合因地理位置的分散而碎片化的家乡记忆，从而产生一种亲切感和认同感。同样的道理，用“厦门腔”来替代他们原乡的分支腔调，就建立在对“厦门港”的共同记忆上，语言依托于它的地理符号而产生对心灵的族群召唤作用。而一旦这种地理优势丧失，则文化符号的意义也随之消解。

Abstract:: Xiamen dialect movie refers to the kind of movie in Minnan dialect with Xiamen accent. Its history can be divided into three periods: the 1930s to 1940s when it was mostly produced in Shanghai, the peak period when it was mostly produced in Hong Kong in the 1950s, and the final period when it was supplanted by Minnan dialect movie in Taiwan in the 1960s. Xiamen dialect movie was named so, but it was not produced in Xiamen, nor was it shown in Xiamen. The word “Xiamen” in “Xiamen dialect movie” is nothing but a symbol. The dialect movie originated from regionalism, and the generation of regionalism often is based on the importance of geography of that region. Those Minnan people who lived in the Southeast Asia shared a common memory of “Xiamen”, which gave them a sense of identity. For them, Xiamen Port was an important cultural symbol. In a word, the rise and fall of Xiamen dialect movie was determined by the positional changes of Xiamen in modern China.