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《集美大学学报》（哲社版）[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:

21

期数:

2018年02期

页码:

69-77

栏目:

出版日期:

2018-04-28

文章信息/Info

Title:

Conflicting Environmental Risk Perceptions and Environmental Mass Incidents——Based on the Environmental Protests in the West of Fujian Province

作者:

孙文中

（集美大学法学院，福建 厦门 361021）

Author(s):

SUN Wen-zhong

(School of Law, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China)

关键词:

环境风险认知; 村民; 环境维权; 群体性事件

Keywords:

environmental risk perception;  villagers;  environmental rights;  mass incidents

分类号:

-

DOI:

-

文献标志码:

A

摘要:

通过闽西中节能环境事件的分析及其拓展性讨论，发现环境风险认知冲突是环境群体性事件的初始诱因。政府有保障环境安全和民生工程建设需要，与公众对生态环境的诉求一致，具备合法合规的手续论证，从而建构中节能项目“可靠”的认知话语体系。而村民从自身健康和生存安全的情境中建构“担忧”的风险认知，产生“受害者”心态及相对剥夺感，并且将两者进一步放大，引起非直接利益相关者的道德共鸣。既有的社会结构和制度安排没有为村民的常态化的环境安全的利益表达与情感疏导提供足够的渠道，于是以集体行动的方式实现环境维权并滑向环境抗争，政府与村民的冲突升级，基层治理陷入内卷化。基层政府在环境风险沟通方面应主动、及时，与村民进行积极有效的风险沟通，重塑村民对政府的信任和对环境风险的“不怕”心理，以化解环境冲突向社会危机和政治危机转化的风险。

Abstract:

Taking the environmental protest in the west Fujian Province as a principal case and with this case extended to other mass incidents, the paper discovers that conflicting environmental risk perceptions are the very cause of environmental mass incidents. The government constructs a “dependable”cognitive discourse system for energy-saving projects by ensuring environment safety, satisfying the demand of people’s livelihood projects, meeting local people’s appeal of ecological environment, and going through legal procedures. However, the villagers, out of their concerns about their own health and safety, generate a worried environmental risk perception, victim mentality, and a sense of relative deprivation. Furthermore these worries are magnified, which causes some moral resonance among other villagers. Because the current social structure and system do not provide sufficient channels for villagers to relieve their emotions and to express their concern about environmental safety, the collective action of villagers turns from environmental rights protection to fights for a safe environment, the conflict between the government and villagers escalates, and the grassroots government thus falls into governance crisis. The grassroots governments should actively, promptly, and effectively communicate with the villagers over risks, and rebuild their trust in the government and their unworried mentality, so as to prevent environmental conflicts from becoming social and political crises.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2018-05-24