论先秦德法治世的历史反省与现实面向-《集美大学学报》（哲社版）

文章信息/Info

Title:: On Historical Reflection and Realistic Orientation in the Pre-Qin Period of the Rule of Virtue and Law

Author(s):: JING Yun; (Marxist Academy，Minnan Normal University，Zhangzhou 363000，China)

摘要:: 春秋战国时期政治上的分裂无序和文化上的多元争鸣，使得当时思想家对曾经创造过辉煌文明的“德治”进行反思与取舍，先秦儒家的“以德治国”与法家的“依法治国”是其典型代表。先秦孔孟积极倡导的“以德治国”是对上古“德治”之继承，其基本指向是修己安人、以德治国，此进路与后来法家所推行的“依法治国”形成鲜明的对比。法家亦反省历史、继承历史，但法家更多地强调“民道弊”“世事变”与“行道异”的现实面向。春秋战国时期孔孟“德治”与法家“法治”之博弈与最后之结果，深刻表明了反思历史、汲取智慧，必须面向社会现实，才能解决现实问题，担当时代大任，完成时代任务。

Abstract:: In the Spring and Autumn and Warring States period，the political break-up and disorder and cultural pluralistic contention made the ideologists of that time rethink，accept and reject “the rule of virtue” theory which had created glorious civilization.The Confucian “rule of virtue” and the Legalist “rule of law” were the typical representatives in pre-Qin days.“The rule of virtue” thought advocated by Confucius and Mencius in pre-Qin period，with cultivating oneself and stabilizing others and governing by virtue as its basic points，was the inheritance of “virtuous rule” in ancient times.It was in sharp contrast to “the rule of law” later practiced by the Legalists.Legalists also reflected and carried on history，but they put more emphasis on the realistic aspects of governing method transformation as great changes in people and society;that is，nothing is permanent.The contention between “the rule of virtue” and “the rule of law” and their final result profoundly reveal that we must face the social reality to reflect on history and draw wisdom from it.Only by following that can we solve the practical issues，take on the great responsibility and complete the task of our times.