论经验法则在认罪认罚案件中的运用-《集美大学学报》（哲社版）

文章信息/Info

Title:: The Empirical Rule in the Cases of Plea of Guilt and Acceptance of Punishment

Author(s):: WEI Yi-hui; (School of Criminal Justice,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088,China)

Keywords:: the empirical rule; the plea of guilt and acceptance of punishment; confession; substantive truth; efficiency of litigation

摘要:: 经验法则是在一般性确定性经验基础上形成的一般性法则，具有高度盖然性，与逻辑规则、推定与司法认知等一起，构成审判者认定刑事案件事实的方式体系。经验法则在刑事案件中的运用贯穿于实体法事实与诉讼证明的多个方面，既包括对犯罪构成、刑罚适用问题的审查判断，也包括对证据的甄别与判断。在认罪认罚案件中，由于被告人已作有罪供述，经验法则虽然在运用范围上受到自然限缩，却呈现出一个独特形态，实际形成了以审查有罪供述为中心、其他证据与有罪供述相印证的证明经验法则。肯定这一证明方式的经验法则属性，有助于实现认罪认罚制度“发现真实”与“诉讼效率”目的间的平衡。坚守经验法则的“高度盖然性”属性，要求达到“基本案件事实清楚”的证明程度，实现实质真实。肯定侦查、审查起诉机关从犯罪嫌疑人供述到未知事实的证明路径与简化审判者自由心证的思路，亦有利于诉讼效率这一工具价值的实现。

Abstract:: The empirical rule is the general rule formed on the basis of general deterministic experience.It has a high probability and is distinct from life experience,logic rule,presumption and judicial cognition.The application of the empirical rule in criminal cases runs through multiple aspects of substantive law facts and the proof of litigation.Since the defendant has already made a confession,the scope of application of the empirical rule in the cases of plea of guilt and acceptance of punishment is limited,but the empirical rule of corroboration of other evidence on reviewed confession has formed.This empirical rule will help to achieve a balance between “discovery of truth” and “efficiency of litigation” in the cases of plea of guilt and acceptance of punishment.A high probability and the level of proof that “the basic facts are clear” is a way to discover a substantive truth.Affirming the path of proving from the suspect’s confession to the unknown facts of investigation and prosecution organs and simplifying the way of judicial discretion are also conducive to the realization of the litigation efficiency.