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[1]汪阳,王禹诺.绿色的代价：环境规制与企业劳动收入占比[J].集美大学学报(哲社版),2025,28(03):52-65.
　WANG Yang,WANG Yunuo.The Costs of “Green”:Environmental Regulation and Enterprises Labor Income Shares[J].philosophy&social sciences,2025,28(03):52-65.
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绿色的代价：环境规制与企业劳动收入占比(PDF)
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《集美大学学报》（哲社版）[ISSN:1006-6977/CN:61-1281/TN]

卷:
28
期数:
2025年03期
页码:
52-65
栏目:
出版日期:
2025-06-17

文章信息/Info

Title:
The Costs of “Green”:Environmental Regulation and Enterprises Labor Income Shares
作者:
汪阳; 王禹诺
（中共厦门市委党校 经济学教研部，福建 厦门 361027）
Author(s):
WANG Yang; WANG Yunuo
（Party School of Xiamen Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China,Department of Economics,Xiamen 361027,China）
关键词:
新《环保法》; 环境规制; 劳动收入占比
Keywords:
New Environmental Protection Law; environmental regulation; labor income shares
分类号:
-
DOI:
-
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
本研究利用2015年实施的新《环保法》这一自然实验构建了双重差分模型（DID），以2011—2020年中国沪深上市的A股工业企业为研究对象，考察了严苛的环境规制手段对企业劳动收入占比的影响。结果表明，新《环保法》会显著降低重污染企业的劳动收入占比，这一结果通过了一系列稳健性检验。机制分析表明，企业劳动收入占比的下降主要来源于外部融资的减少和对劳动者平均工资的挤压，前者迫使企业倾向于通过内源融资减轻经营压力，从而减少对劳动者利益的分配，后者则通过直接降低对劳动者平均工资的支出，减少经营成本，且这种降低是针对全体员工，企业内部薪酬差距并未出现明显变化。异质性分析表明，在盈利能力和劳动密集度较高的企业中，由于劳动议价能力较低，劳动收入占比受到负面影响更为显著。同时，在污染水平较低地区和规模较大企业中，劳动收入占比的下降同样更为显著。
Abstract:
How to balance the intensity of environmental regulation and its incurred costs is the key to formulating a reasonable environmental protection policy.The new Environmental Protection Law implemented in 2015 is the strictest environmental protection law in China’s history.This paper constructs a difference-in-differences model (DID),taking the A-share industrial enterprises listed in Shanghai and Shenzhen of China from 2011 to 2020 as the research object to empirically study the effect of the strict environmental protection law on labor income shares.The results show that the new Environmental Protection Law significantly reduced the labor income share of heavily polluting firms,and that this result passed a series of robustness tests.The mechanism analysis shows that the decrease in the labor income share of enterprises mainly came from the reduction of external financing and the squeeze on the average wage of workers:the former forced enterprises to reduce the operating pressure through endogenous financing,thus reducing the distribution of benefits to workers;the latter reduced operating costs by directly reducing the expenditure on average wages for workers,and this reduction was targeted at all employees,with no significant change in the internal salary gap within the enterprise.Heterogeneity analysis shows that the labor income share of stronger profitability firms or higher labor intensity firms declined more significantly due to the low bargaining power of labor.Further research shows that the green innovation ability of enterprises improved significantly,but this was only manifested in the “quantity” of the improvement,not in its “quality”.This study is instructive for the formulation of environmental policies that aim to achieve the “dual realization” of environmental governance and economic development goals.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2025-06-17