侵权连带责任诉讼形态研究-《集美大学学报》（哲社版）

文章信息/Info

Author(s):: SONG Chunlong; (Law School,Ocean University of China,Qingdao 266100,China)

Keywords:: joint liability for tort; forms of litigation; subject matter of litigation; joinder of parties

摘要:: 侵权连带责任在对外关系上具有合一性与连带性特点，在对内关系上则具有按份性特征。关于侵权连带责任诉讼形态的选择，学界争议较大，形成了固有必要共同诉讼说、类似必要共同诉讼说、普通共同诉讼说、流动说等观点，但现有观点对司法实践的具体问题回应不足、说服力欠佳。现有案例表明，实践中人民法院对连带责任人的追加未形成统一处理方式，存在“绝对追加”与“相对追加”2种做法，一定程度上破坏了程序安定性。人民法院应首先区分侵权连带责任的一般诉讼形态和特殊诉讼形态，再根据不同诉讼场景做进一步处理，如其他连带责任人申请进入诉讼，应将其列为无独立请求权第三人；权利人主观放弃对部分连带责任人份额的，人民法院也应追加该连带责任人为第三人。

Abstract:: The tort joint liability has the characteristics of“unity” and “joint” in the external relations,but has the characteristics of “parts” in the internal relations.As for the choice of the form of tort joint liability litigation,there are a lot of disputes in the academic circle,forming the views of inherent necessary joint litigation,common joint litigation,and third party theory,but the existing views are not enough to respond to the specific problems of judicial practice,and are not persuasive.The existing cases show that in practice,the people’s court has not formed a unified way to deal with the addition of joint liability persons,and there are two approaches of “absolute addition” and “relative addition”,which destroy the stability of the procedure to a certain extent.We should first distinguish the general and special litigation forms of joint liability for tort,and then further deal with them according to different litigation scenarios.If other joint liability persons apply to enter the litigation,they should be listed as the third party without independent claims.Where the right holder subjectively relinquishes the share of some joint liability,the people’s court shall also add that the joint liability is a third party.