成年初期个体生命意义的现状与特点——一项追踪研究-《集美大学学报（教育科学版）》

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Title:: The Status and Characteristics of Meaning in Life in Early Adulthood:ALongitudinal Study

作者:: 张荣伟1; 宋曼曼; 1.中共福建省委党校福建行政学院公职人员心理能力提升研究中心；2.福建师范大学心理学院，福建福州 350108

Author(s):: ZHANG Rong-wei1; SONG Man-man2; 1.Research Center for the Enhancement of Mental Capacity of Public Officials,FujianProvincial PartySchoolof CPC,Fujian Academy of Governance,Fuzhou 350108,China;2.School of Psychology,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou 350108,China

关键词:: 生命意义; 拥有意义; 追寻意义; 意义危机; 成年初期

Keywords:: Meaning in life; Presence of Meaning; Search for Meaning; Crisis of Meaning; Early Adulthood

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文献标志码:: A

摘要:: 对1087名大一大二学生生命意义的拥有意义、追寻意义和意义危机等三个剖面追踪调查，以了解成年初期个体生命意义的总体现状和特点。结果发现:（1）总体上成年初期个体没有意义危机,拥有意义大约处于中等水平，追寻意义大约处于中等偏上水平以及显著高于拥有意义。（2）在一年内拥有意义呈上升趋势，追寻意义和意义危机保持相对稳定，但本科生的意义危机却呈上升趋势。（3）追寻意义和意义危机在家庭社会经济地位上均呈显著差异：在追寻意义方面，感知中等家庭经济地位者显著高于感知低家庭经济地位者；在意义危机方面，感知低家庭经济地位者显著高于感知中等家庭经济地位者，边缘显著高于感知高庭经济地位者。（4）拥有意义与意义危机呈显著相互预测，而追寻意义与意义危机不呈显著相互预测。结果表明，个体生命意义呈现多剖面的特点，在预防成年初期个体意义危机方面，应多关注处于低家庭社会经济地位的学生，并可以通过提升他们的拥有意义预防意义危机。

Abstract:: In order to understand the overall status and characteristics of individual meaning in life during early adulthood,a total of 1087 freshmen and sophomores was surveyed on three aspects of meaning in life:presence of meaning;search for meaning;crisis of meaning.These results indicated that (1) Overall,individuals in early adulthood have no crisis of meaning,while presence of meaning was an about medium level,search for meaningwas about above a medium level and significantly higher than presence of meaning;(2) Presence of meaning was on the rise within a year,while search for meaning and crisis of meaning remained relatively stable,but the undergraduates’ crisis of meaning was on the rise compared to junior college students;(3) There were significant differences between search for meaning and crisis of meaning in the family’s socio-economic status (SES).Specifically,those who perceived medium family’s SES were significantly higher than those who perceived low ones in search for meaning;And those who perceived low family’s SES were significantly higher than those who perceived medium ones,and marginally higher than those who perceived high ones in crisis of meaning;(4) Presence of meaning and crisis of meaning significantly predicted with each other,while search for meaning and crisis of meaning did not.The present results suggested that individual’s meaning in life was characterized by multiple factors.For the purpose of preventing individual’s crisis of meaning in early adulthood,more attention should be paid to students in the middle and low family’s SES,and the crisis of meaning could be prevented by improving their presence of meaning.

《集美大学学报（教育科学版）》[ISSN:1671-6493/CN:35-1238/U]

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