|本期目录/Table of Contents|

[1]陈诚,包雷.教育结构对拔尖人才培养与教育公平的影响研究——基于五个国家的分析[J].集美大学学报(教育科学版),2025,26(01):76-85.
　CHEN Cheng,BAO Lei.The Impact of Education Structure on Top-talents Top-notch Talents Cultivation and Education Equity:An Analysis of Five Countries[J].Journal of Jimei University(Education Science Edition),2025,26(01):76-85.
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教育结构对拔尖人才培养与教育公平的影响研究——基于五个国家的分析(PDF)
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《集美大学学报（教育科学版）》[ISSN:1671-6493/CN:35-1238/U]

卷:
第26卷
期数:
2025年01期
页码:
76-85
栏目:
教育心理研究
出版日期:
2025-03-07

文章信息/Info

Title:
The Impact of Education Structure on Top-talents Top-notch Talents Cultivation and Education Equity:An Analysis of Five Countries
作者:
陈诚1; 包雷
1.集美大学师范学院，福建 厦门 361021；2.俄亥俄州立大学物理系，美国 哥伦布 43210
Author(s):
CHEN Cheng1; BAO Lei2
1.Normal College,Jimei University,Xiamen 361021,China;2.Department of Physics,The Ohio State University,Columbus,43210,USA 2
关键词:
教育结构; 拔尖人才; 教育公平
Keywords:
education structure; top-notch talents; educational equity
分类号:
-
DOI:
-
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
教育结构对拔尖人才培养和教育公平具有重要影响。教育结构体现为学校的层次结构和类型结构。影响教育结构差异的主要原因有教育经费投入与分配差异，以及因个体家庭社会经济地位不同导致的家庭教育行动差异。基于五个国家的分析表明，德国由国家政策主导学校分层分类，主要由国家投入培养拔尖人才，教育公平水平相对较低；芬兰因国家教育经费充足形成学校同质化，培养了多样化人才；日本的私立高校参与拔尖人才培养，基础教育学校均质化程度较高；美国教育资源不均衡，学校依据地区经济发展和家庭资源差异产生分层。我国的教育结构特征与德国、日本、美国有相似之处，拔尖人才培养主体与德国、芬兰有相似之处。但在教育资源有限的情况下西方各国仍然最重视精英教育，并在此基础上努力提高教育公平水平。我国在重视教育公平的同时，亟须完善为国家培养拔尖人才的教育通道。
Abstract:
The educational structure has an important impact on the cultivation of top-notch talents and educational equity.The education structure It includes the school stratification structure and the type structure hierarchical and typological structure of a school.The main reasons for the differences in education structure are the differences in education funding investment and distribution of education expenditure,as well as the differences in family socioeconomic status and education actions.educational actions due to various socioeconomic statuses.The analysis based on five countries shows that Germany’s educational policy leads to school stratification and classification,resulting in a low level of educational equity.Germany mainly cultivates top talents by the state.in Germany,school stratification and categorization are predominantly guided by national policies,with the state primarily investing in the cultivation of top-notch talents,resulting in a relatively low level of educational equity.In Finland,has sufficient education funding expenditure and has brought about homogeneous schools,which can cultivate diverse talents.In Japan’s,top-notch talents training is mainly supported by non-public education funds private universities,and basic education schools are highly homogenized.The reason for the large differences between American schools is the different regional economic development and student family backgrounds.In America,due to uneven distribution of education resources,school was classified by regional economic development and students’ family backgrounds.China’s educational structure characteristics are is similar to those of Germany,Japan,and the United States.Chinas support for the cultivation of top-notch talents is similar to that of Germany and Finland.It can be seen that under the condition of limited educational resources,countries still attach the most importance to the cultivation of top-notch talents,and that on this basis,improve the level of educational equity.While attaching importance to educational equity,China needs to improve the educational channels for cultivating top-notch talents for the country.

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更新日期/Last Update: 2025-03-09