从“国家意志”到“地方自觉”：先秦射礼国家治理的理论逻辑—基于“控制权”理论的视角-《体育科学研究》

文章信息/Info

Title:: From Major-Archery to Shires-Archery:The Study on National Governance of Archery Rituals Competition——From the Perspective of “Control-right” Theory

Author(s):: ZHANG Jun-xian; ZHENG Lei-shi; (College of Physical Education，Jimei University，Xiamen 361021，China)

Keywords:: archery rituals; governance model; control-right; national behavior

摘要:: 历史的本质问题似乎更多的是经济问题。以经济学委托代理、不完全契约理论为切入点，从“控制权”的微观视角把握先秦射礼的国家政权行为，认为：先秦国家政权控制权从大射到乡射，内部代表国家权威关系的委托方（君主）、管理方（贵族）、代理方（乡绅）间存在着不同的分配与行使机制。以政权管控为目标的大射仪是委托方以“在场”对贵族施行政治“资产”调配的方式达成最终权威的一种集权型竞射形态；以终端管理为目的的乡射礼则是以委托方授权为形式，由具备实质权威的代理方对民众实施“国家在场”式管理的一种分权式竞射机制与微观治理行为。从大射到乡射，射礼践行了一种高度关联型和行政发包制共生共存的国家治理模式。

Abstract:: The essence of history is more of an economic problem.Grasping the state power behavior of archery rituals by principal-agent and incomplete contract theory of economics,the author makes the result:There has different distribution and exercise mechanism between the commissioned party (monarch),management side (power),agent (squire) of representing the authority of the state in archery rituals.For the aims of regime control,the major-archery rituals make a form of centralized competition by commissioned party who use the “presence” way of implementation of political “asset” allocation to reach the ultimate authority of the regime.And for the purpose of terminal management,the shires-archery rituals form a decentralized competition mechanism and micro-governance behavior by using the way of authorization of commissioned-party,to manage the people by “State presence” type.From great-shooting to district-shooting,archery rituals practiced a coexistence national governance model of highly associated with administrative contracting.